Purpose
The Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ) is a patient questionnaire to assess and evaluate functioning in vocational rehabilitation settings using the ICF Core Set for Vocational Rehabilitation.
Link to Instrument
The Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ) is a patient questionnaire to assess and evaluate functioning in vocational rehabilitation settings using the ICF Core Set for Vocational Rehabilitation.
Tri Pham, Medical Student from UT Southwestern
Participants at Vocational Rehab Center (Finger et al., 2014; n = 52; mean age = 36.75 (12.4))
Participants at Vocational Rehab Center (Finger et al., 2014; n = 74; mean age = 37.68 years (12.7))
Convergent Validity
Participants at Vocational Rehab Center (Finger et al., 2014; n = 74; mean age = 37.68 years (12.7))
“Content validity for the context of VR is assumed due to the fact that the items in the questionnaire were derived from the ICF Core Set for VR. The Core Set was rigorously developed using input from patients, clinicians, experts, and the literature to assess and describe the relevant factors concerning functioning in VR independent of the health condition or VR setting.” (Finger et al., 2014)
“Looking at face validity, professionals rated WORQ to be comprehensive concerning functioning in VR but WORQ seemed to miss additional contextual factors such as work place descriptions or personal factors such as coping strategies. Patients in general appreciated the breadth of coverage of WORQ (face validity), as they felt that the questionnaire allowed them to reflect upon their daily problems in functioning that hinder them to successfully return to work. Through WORQ, the patients felt as it seemed that they were able to express and convey their physical problems as well as their psychosocial issues and needs.” (Finger et al., 2014)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Vocational Rehab (Finger, Wicki-Roten, Leger, & Escorpizo, 2019; n = 89; mean age = 44 years (2.4); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions Undergoing Inpatient Rehab (Finger, Escorpizo, & Tennant, 2019; n = 221; mean age = 43.47 years (SD=10.9); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Outpatient Physical Therapy (Husmann et al., 2019; n = 51; mean age = 39.96 years (12.9); self-reported German version of WORQ was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Vocational Rehab (Finger, Wicki-Roten, Leger, & Escorpizo, 2019; n = 89; mean age = 44 years (2.4); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions Undergoing Inpatient Rehab (Finger, Escorpizo, & Tennant, 2019; n = 221; mean age = 43.47 years (SD=10.9); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Outpatient Physical Therapy (Husmann et al., 2019; n = 51; mean age = 39.96 years (12.9); self-reported German version of WORQ was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Vocational Rehab (Finger, Wicki-Roten, Leger, & Escorpizo, 2019; n = 89; mean age = 44 years (2.4); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Outpatient Physical Therapy (Husmann et al., 2019; n = 51; mean age = 39.96 years (12.9); self-reported German version of WORQ was used)
Mixed MSK Patient Population (Vermeulen et al., 2019; n = 20; self-reported Dutch version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions Undergoing Inpatient Rehab (Finger, Escorpizo, & Tennant, 2019; n = 221; mean age = 43.47 years (SD=10.9); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Vocational Rehab (Finger, Wicki-Roten, Leger, & Escorpizo, 2019; n = 89; mean age = 44 years (2.4; self-reported French version was used)
Mixed MSK Patient Population (Vermeulen et al., 2019; n = 114; mean age = 43.4 year (11.5); 21 patients had hand/wrist injuries and 93 had fibromyalgia; self-reported Dutch version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Outpatient Physical Therapy (Husmann et al., 2019; n = 51; mean age = 39.96 years (12.9); self-reported German version of WORQ was used)
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Reliability results – internal consistency of the WORQ
Questionnaire (n=number of items) | Cronbach’s alpha |
WORK Scale (n=40) | 0.94 |
WORQ Subscale: emotion (n=6) | 0.91 |
WORQ Subscale: cognition (n=10) | 0.90 |
WORQ Subscale: dexterity (n=10) | 0.90 |
WORQ Subscale: mobility (n=4) | 0.84 |
Convergent Validity
Patients with MSK Conditions in Vocational Rehab (Finger, Wicki-Roten, Leger, & Escorpizo, 2019; n = 89; mean age = 44 years (2.4); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Outpatient Physical Therapy (Husmann et al., 2019; n = 51; mean age = 39.96 years (12.9); self-reported German version of WORQ was used)
Questionnaires | WORQ | WORQ | WORQ | WORQ | WORQ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EQ-5D scale: “Today’s health” | ??0.49** | ??0.28* | ??0.26 | ??0.38** | ??-0.46** |
HADS | |||||
HADS Overall score | 0.55** | 0.71** | 0.53** | 0.38** | 0.13 |
HADS Anxiety score | 0.55** | 0.66** | 0.43** | 0.42** | 0.20 |
HADS Depression score | 0.49** | 0.62** | 0.54** | 0.31* | 0.09 |
WHODAS 2.0 – 12-item version | 0.81** | 0.53** | 0.52** | 0.65** | 0.67** |
General rating of functioning (NRS 0–10) | 0.62** | 0.36* | 0.34* | 0.32* | 0.29* |
WHOQoL | ??0.47** | ??0.35* | ??0.34* | ??0.33* | ??0.38** |
Number of comorbidities, median/range | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.08 |
Time off work (month) | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.30* | 0.06 | ??0.06 |
Mixed MSK Patient Population (Vermeulen et al., 2019; n = 21; patients had either hand/wrist injuries or fibromyalgia; self-reported Dutch version was used)
Discriminant Validity
Mixed MSK Patient Population (Vermeulen et al., 2019; n = 21; patients had either hand/wrist injuries or fibromyalgia; self-reported Dutch version was used)
From:
Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 4 | Factor 5 | Factor 6 | Factor 7 | WORQ-VL (sum score) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cognition | Physical | Mood | ADL | Sensory | Emotions | Social | ||
SFa-36 | ||||||||
Physical functioning | ??0.40 | ??0.84** | ??0.51* | ??0.60** | ??0.22 | ??0.17 | ??0.38 | ??0.71** |
Role limitations—physical | ??0.45* | ??0.59** | ??0.37 | ??0.44* | ??0.23 | ??0.39 | ??0.40 | ??0.64** |
Role limitations—emotional | ??0.30 | 0.25 | 0.05 | 0.22 | ??0.32 | ??0.39 | ??0.35 | ??0.01 |
Vitality (energy?/fatigue) | ??0.52* | ??0.49* | ??0.51* | ??0.33 | ??0.41 | ??0.53* | ??0.41 | ??0.65** |
Mental health | ??0.57** | ??0.15 | ??0.58** | ??0.18 | ??0.28 | ??0.58** | ??0.15 | ??0.43* |
Social functioning | ??0.58** | ??0.35 | ??0.34 | ??0.11 | ??0.41 | ??0.31 | ??0.26 | ??0.43* |
Bodily pain | ??0.31 | ??0.61** | ??0.50* | ??0.42 | 0.02 | ??0.23 | ??0.15 | ??0.50* |
General health | ??0.41 | ??0.31 | ??0.10 | 0.09 | ??0.57 | ??0.16 | ??0.73** | ??0.39 |
MHQ-DLVb | ||||||||
Overall hand function | ??0.10 | ??0.23 | ??0.21 | ??0.33 | ??0.11 | ??0.19 | ??0.05 | ??0.28 |
Overall ADL | ??0.02 | ??0.42 | ??0.21 | ??0.49* | 0.09 | ??0.07 | 0.05 | ??0.31 |
Work | ??0.12 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.18 | ??0.15 | ??0.03 | 0.25 |
Pain | ??0.27 | ??0.18 | ??0.03 | 0.09 | 0.04 | ??0.27 | ??0.36 | ??0.14 |
Aesthetics | ??0.04 | ??0.07 | 0.21 | ??0.20 | ??0.10 | 0.00 | 0.05 | ??0.08 |
Satisfaction | ??0.18 | ??0.37 | ??0.34 | ??0.29 | ??0.11 | ??0.29 | ??0.22 | ??0.38 |
MHQ total score | ??0.05 | ??0.02 | 0.05 | ??0.15 | 0.05 | ??0.10 | ??0.02 | ??0.05 |
DASHc | ||||||||
Disability/symptom | 0.18 | 0.57* | 0.62** | 0.65** | ??0.05 | 0.20 | 0.17 | 0.56* |
Optional: sports/music | ??0.08 | 0.44 | 0.31 | 0.56* | ??0.47 | 0.13 | ??0.14 | 0.31 |
Optional: work | 0.03 | 0.28 | 0.45 | 0.50* | ??0.20 | 0.05 | ??0.14 | 0.28 |
TSKd | 0.19 | ??0.08 | ??0.31 | ??0.15 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.20 | ??0.03 |
E-link dynamometer (injury side) | 0.00 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.04 | 0.29 | ??0.02 | 0.34 | 0.17 |
(Vermeulen et al., 2019; n = 21; patients had either hand/wrist injuries or fibromyalgia; self-reported Dutch version was used)
“In the context of the content evaluation, all patients found that WORQ covered all relevant aspects of work-related functioning.” (Finger et al., 2019; n = 89; self-reported French version was used) 94% of patients reported that WORQ covered all relevant topics and 83% found the answer options to be meaningful. They felt that WORQ facilitated a patient-centric approach to their care, because of its comprehensive set of questions allowed them to report their experience as patients. In particular, the work-related issues asked from part one of WORQ were considered valuable, although some participants found it difficult to rate the current support of their employer, given their current sick leave. (Husmann et al., 2019)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Vocational Rehab (Finger, Wicki-Roten, Leger, & Escorpizo, 2019; n = 89; mean age = 44 years (2.4); self-reported French version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions Undergoing Inpatient Rehab (Finger, Escorpizo, & Tennant, 2019; n = 221; mean age = 43.47 years (SD=10.9), self-reported French version was used )
Mixed MSK Patient Population (Vermeulen et al., 2019; n = 114; mean age = 43.4 year (11.5); 21 patients had hand/wrist injuries and 93 had fibromyalgia; self-reported Dutch version was used)
Patients with MSK Conditions in Outpatient Physical Therapy (Husmann et al., 2019; n = 51; mean age = 39.96 years (12.9); self-reported German version of WORQ was used)
The content of the WORQ was compared to individual patient interviews, the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for SCI, and assessment instrument used in VR and SCI. 80% of ICF categories in the WORQ were indicated in at least one of the nine patient interviews; 54% were confirmed by the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for SCI; and 30% were confirmed by four questionnaires (SF36, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Beck Depression inventory). The WORQ proved to have content validity for utility in patients with SCI within the context of VR. WORQ-SELF can be used to assess the functioning and disability of patients in the return to work process. (Bergamaschi et al., 2014)
Finger, M. E., Escorpizo, R., Bostan, C., & De Bie, R. (2014). Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ): development and preliminary psychometric evidence of an ICF-based questionnaire for vocational rehabilitation. Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 24(3), 498-510.
Bergamaschi, R. P., Escorpizo, R., Staubli, S., & Finger, M. E. (2014). Content validity of the work rehabilitation questionnaire-self-report version WORQ-SELF in a subgroup of spinal cord injury patients. Spinal cord, 52(3), 225-230.
Finger, M. E., Wicki-Roten, V., Leger, B., & Escorpizo, R. (2019). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ) to French: A valid and reliable instrument to assess work functioning. Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 29(2), 350-360.
Finger, M. E., Escorpizo, R., & Tennant, A. (2019). Measuring Work-Related Functioning Using the Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(15), 2795.
Vermeulen, K., Woestyn, M., Oostra, K., Geers, S., Ryngaert, K., Van de Velde, K., ... & Van de Velde, D. (2019). Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Dutch Version of the Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ-VL). Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 29(3), 514-525.
Husmann, A., Escorpizo, R., & Finger, M. E. (2019). Examining work-related functioning in a physical therapy outpatient clinic: Validity and reliability of the Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ). Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 1-11.
We have reviewed more than 500 instruments for use with a number of diagnoses including stroke, spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury among several others.